The amount of testing in English schools is not good preparation for students who want to pursue higher education, it has been suggested.
Niall Ferguson, a professor of history at Harvard and a senior research fellow at Oxford, has criticised the exam culture of the English education system, describing it as "fatally distorted".
Furthermore, Professor Ferguson said that he did not agree that children should be made to choose between arts and science subjects at an early age.
Speaking at a conference at Rugby School, Warwickshire, he called for a new qualification to replace A-levels that would rely less on timed examinations.
More focus would be placed on independent research, Professor Ferguson said, adding that pupils would cover a wide range of science and arts subjects.
A report by a committee of MPs has also criticised the number of tests pupils must undergo throughout their education.